Rotary brush



June E? 1,497.921

A. LEVEDAHL ROTARY BRUSH Filed Jan. 26. 1921 Patented June 17, 1924.

NITED STATES AXEL LEVEDAEL, or AURORA, ILLrNoIs, AssIGNoR 'roINDEPENDENT PNEUMATIC TOOL COMJPANY, F CHICAGO,

ILLINOIS, A. CORPORATION 0T DELAWARE.

ROTARY BRUSH.

Application filed January 26, 1921. Serial No. 439,915.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, AXEL LEVEDAHL, a citizen of the United Aurora, inthe county of Kane and State of Illinois, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Rotary Brushes, of whlch the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to rotary vwire brushes.

Among the objects of my invention is to rovide a rotary wire'brush whichmay be attached to the rotary s indle of a portable pneumatic orelectrical y operated tool so that rust, scale, old paint, and dirt maybe removed from iron surfaces, sand remove from castings after they aremolded, and structural surfaces, ships, railway cars and `the like maybe cleaned preparatory to finishing and painting, all by power, thussaving a great deal of time in this work and allowing the work to bedorre with much more rapidity and eliiciency than by hand brush asheretofore employed in this connection.

Another object of my invention is'to provide a brush which will stand upunder the hard service to which it is subjected in this work. l

A further object of the invention 1s to have all the wire bristles ofthe brush of the same length, whether the brush is flat vor beveled, sothatv all of the bristles will have the same degree of rigidity andmoreover avoid the necessity of making and carrying in stock bristles ofdiiferent lengths for one size of brush.

A still further object is to have the bristles extend outward from theblock or body of the brush in a direction aglainst the direction ofrotation of the brus and at such 4 angle that the points of the bristlescontacting with the surface to be cleaned are retarded with respect tothe direction ofr rotation of the brush, to lessen vibrations of thebristles as theyv strike that surface.

A. further object of the invention is to lessen the centrifugal force oreect of that force on the bristles by arranging them at angles'againstthat force.

The invention consists further in the matters hereinafter described andmore articularly pointed out in the appended c aims.

In the accompanying drawmgs Fig. 1. is a s1de view of a rotarybrushconstructed inaccordance with my invention States, residing at d othermaterial, and, as shown in Figs. 1

and shown attached to the rotary spindle of a portable power driventool;

Fig. 2 is an .enlarged vertical sectional view of said brush;

Fig. 3 is a rear view of the brush, with a portion of the metal coverbroken away to show the rear facev of the brush back or body covered bythe same;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken on line 4-f-4 of Fi3; and

Fig. 5 is a side view of a at brush embodying the features of myinvention.

The'brush of my invention comprises an annular back or block 1 made ofwood or and 2, the Ifront face 2 of said block is beveled outward fromthe annular edge of the block toward the center, while the rear face 3'is beveled in the same direction inward, thus giving the block thecrosssectional shape shown in Fig. 2. The block 1 is provided with aplurality of holes 4 extending through the same from the inner to theouter face thereof. These holes are distributed over the block and arearranged in concentric circles, as shown in Fig. 3. Ilihe holes aresubstantially parallel and are spaced circumferentially apart ineach-row and each extends through the block at an angle of substantially10 to the direction of rotation of the brush and at an angle ofsubstantially 10 to the front face 2 of the block, as evidenced by thedot and dash line m in Fig. 2.

For each circular series of vholes 4 are provided bristles made ofhardened wire or equivalent material. Each filler is made substantiallyU or staple shaped, as shown in Fig. 4, and is inserted into itsassociated holes -4 from the back of the block, one leg of the filler inone hole and the other leg in the adjacent hole. A plurality of bristlesare inserted into these holes soV that there will be a'tuft or pack ofbristles for each two holes, as show-n in the drawings.

The holes 4 being arranged at the angles mentioned serves two purposes.First, the bristles 5 extend backward against the div rection ofrotation of the brush,A as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 4, and thiscauses the 105 points of the bristles, Contactin with the surface to becleaned, to be retar ed as comared with the'direction of rotation of therush. This lessens the vibrations on the bristles 5 as they strike thesurfa, because Mil the bristles strike the surface on recoiling, thusreducing the likelihood of early breakage because free vibration isprevented. The legs or prongs of each'bristle 5 being parallel and setat the angle mentioned avoids stubbing of either prong when in contactwith the surface.

Arranging the bristles 5 at angles of substantially 10 inward from rightangles to the fiat front face of the block 1, lessens the centrifugalforce or the strain of that force on the bristles as the brush isrotated. Such force naturally would be stronger when the wire bristlesare at right-angles to the front face of the block, and by thearrangement mentioned the effect of this force on the bristles isdiminished, thus guarding against free vibration with the attendantresult `of early breakage.

By providing the brush block 1 with a beveled front face, as shown inFigs. 1 and 2, the working face of the wire bristles is given a likeshape, while still having all of the bristles of the same length. Thisis an advantage because all of the bristles have the same degree ofrigidity or strength and thus stand up to an equal extent as the brushis used. Furthermore, 'the bristles being of the same length whether inthe inside circle or in the outside one or in any of the intermediateones, requires only that bristles of the same length be kept in stockfor any of the circles, Without being required to keep on h and forrepairs, bristles of different lengths as is required in those brushesas heretofore made where the working face of the brush is given thegeneral shape shown in Fig. 2 by having the bristles of the variousconcentric rows of different lengths.

The brush is provided with a pressed steel back or cover 6 made cupshaped to lit against the rear face 3 of the block 1 and having anannular outerliange to lit about the outer annular edge of the block, asshown in Fig. 2. Both the block 1 and cover 6 haveregistering holescentrall arranged to receive the outer end of a sha 7, adapted to beconnected by chuck with the outer end of the rotary spindle 8 of aportable pneumatic or electric tool 9, partly indicated in Fig. 1. .To

hold the brush on the shaft 7, a nut 10 is applied to the outer end ofthe shaft against the front face of the block 1, such face of the blockbeing flat for that purpose, and on the shaft, back of the cover 6, is awasher or disc 11 clamped between a shoulder on the shaft 7 and thecover 6 when the-nut 10 is tightened. This construction allows for readyremoval of the brush from the shaft 7, and.y when the brush has beenremoved the metal cover 6 may also be taken' olf of the block 1. Toallow this to be done conveniently Y in case the cover 6-shou1d littightly on the block 1, the cover isprovided with' several apertures-12to permit the pointed end of the tool to be inserted through the sameand forced against the block 1 for pushing the latter out of the cover6.

The metal cover 6 makes the brush safe,

as it prevents the block 1 from flying radial- `5 in case any of thembecome broken and otherwise damaged during the operation of y the brush.This also allowsY for repairs to the block 1 in case it should becomebroken or damaged while in use, and adds to the econom of theconstruction for the reason that bo ies 1 may be kept in stock filledwith bristles 5. Only one metal cover 6 is made necessary by reason ofthis construction .for each tool, as the cover will stand a great dealof wear and will not often have to be replaced. y l

As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the'block 1 is provided in its rear face 3with a plurality ofconcentric. grooves 13, into which series of holes 4open, and these" grooves are/deep enough to allow the wire bristles 5 tobe held `firmly in place and be below the surface 3 "which are paralleland in planes at rightangles to the axis of rotation of the shaft orspindle 7a. This also has a metal cover 6a having a contour to conformto the body 1a and to lit over it in the same manner as in the beveledbrush shown inthe preceding figures. This flat brush also has aplurality of wire bristles 5, similar to the ones in the beveled brushand arranged at the same angles as before. two brushes is that in thepreceding figures the brush is conical, as indicated, while in Fig. 5the brush is flat. Otherwise the features of construction remain thesame.

A brush embodying the `features disclosed,

is capable of standing up under the hard Service and usage to which itis placed when cleaning iron surfaces, casings, and the'like,

and the wire bristles, being arranged to lesstion and arrangement ofparts shownmay The only difference' between the be variously changed andmodiied without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

I claim as my invention: r

1. A rotary brush, comprising a block, and a plurality of wire bristlessecured to said block and projecting outward from the front face thereofin directions extending backward with respect to the direction ofrotation of the brush.

2. A. rotary brush, comprising a block, and a plurality of wire bristlessecured to said block and extending outward from the'ront face thereof,said bristles extending inward against the centrifugal forces set up onrotating the brush at angles less than ninety degrees to the front faceof Said block.

3. A rotary brush, comprising a block, and a plurality of wire bristlessecured to said block and extending outward from the front face thereof,said bristles extending inward against the centrifugal forces set up onrotating the brush at angles less than ninety degrees to the front faceof the block, said bristles also extending backwardwith respect to thevdirection of rotation of said brush.

4. A rotary brush, comprising an annular block, said block having aconical front'face, and a plurality of wire bristles secured to saidblock and extending outward from the front face thereof, said bristlesall having the same length and extending backward with respect to thedirection of rotation of the brush.

5. A rotary brush, comprising an annular block having a conical frontface and a com plementary concave rear face, a plurality of wirebristles arranged in concentric rows and secured to the block andextending outward from the front face thereof, said bristles extendingbackward with respect to the direction of rotation of the brush and.inward against the centrifugal forces set up on rotating the brush atangles less than ninety degrees to the front face of the block, acupshaped metal cover applied against the back of said block and fittingagainst the rear face thereof, said cover and block having centrallyarranged, registering openings, a spindle extending through saidopenings, and means for securing said back and cover to said spindle. n

6. A rotary brush, comprising arrannular block provided with a pluralityof holes extending therethrough rom the front to the rear face thereofandarranged in concentric circles, and a plurality of staple-shapedbristles, said bristles being inserted into said holes from the rearface of said block with the prongs of each bristle in adjacent holes andhaving their looped ends over the portion of the block between theholes, the back of the block being provided with concentric grooves toaccommodate the looped ends of the bristles, said holes being drilledthrough the block at angles to cause the bristles to ex? tend .backwardwith respect to the direction of rotation of the brush and inwardagainst centrifugal forces set up on rotating the brushl at angles lessthan ninety degrees to the front face of said block, and a cup-shapedmetal cover applied over the block and itting against the rear facethereof to hold the bristles in pla-ce. said cover having an annularmarginal flange fitting over the outer edge of said block, said coverand block having registering openings to receive a spindle.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I aix mysignature, this 20 day of January, A. D. 1921.

AXEL LEVEDAHL.

